> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://modal-computer-use.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Namespace reference

> Find the v1.1.0 Python methods for mouse, keyboard, screenshots, actions, artifacts, and other daemon capabilities.

`ComputerSandbox`, `AsyncComputerSandbox`, `DaemonClient`, and `AsyncDaemonClient` expose the same typed namespace layout. Use the listed method without `await` on a sync client. Use `await` on an async client.

## Desktop input and capture

| Namespace | Methods | Purpose |
| - | - | - |
| `mouse` | `click`, `move`, `drag`, `scroll`, `down`, `up`, `position` | Control the pointer and read its position. |
| `keyboard` | `type`, `press`, `hotkey`, `hold`, `supported_keys` | Enter text and key input. |
| `clipboard` | `get_text`, `set_text`, `clear` | Read and change clipboard text. |
| `screenshots` | `full`, `full_bytes`, `region`, `region_bytes`, `zoom`, `zoom_bytes`, `zoom_around` | Capture typed screenshots or raw bytes. |
| `input` | `release_all` | Release held keys and mouse buttons. |

```python theme={"system"}
computer.mouse.click(320, 240)
computer.keyboard.type("hello", method="keystrokes")
frame = computer.screenshots.full(show_cursor=True)
```

## Desktop state

| Namespace | Methods | Purpose |
| - | - | - |
| `display` | `info` | Read display geometry and metadata. |
| `windows` | `list`, `active`, `activate`, `close`, `wait_for` | Inspect and control X11 windows. |
| `browser` | `open_url`, `status`, `render_metrics` | Control and inspect the configured browser. |
| `apps` | `launch`, `open_artifact` | Start an application or open a stored artifact. |
| `commands` | `run` | Run an explicit command vector. |

`commands.run()` does not invoke a shell unless you request one in the command vector.

```python theme={"system"}
result = computer.commands.run("sh", "-c", "printf '42\\n'")
```

## Ordered actions

| Method | Purpose |
| - | - |
| `actions.apply` | Apply one action. |
| `actions.run` | Run an ordered action batch. |
| `actions.validate` | Validate actions without execution. |
| `actions.run_and_screenshot_bytes` | Run a batch and return the trailing raw screenshot. |
| `actions.run_and_observe_change_screenshot_bytes` | Run a batch and return the experimental changed-frame capture. |

Use `actions.run()` when order matters. The whole-batch deadline stops the batch even when `continue_on_error=True`.

```python theme={"system"}
result = computer.actions.run(
    [
        {"type": "move", "x": 100, "y": 120},
        {"type": "click", "button": "left"},
    ],
    continue_on_error=False,
)
```

## Artifacts and recordings

| Namespace | Methods | Purpose |
| - | - | - |
| `artifacts` | `list`, `read_bytes`, `write_bytes`, `download`, `upload`, `delete`, `manifest`, `sync` | Store and transfer files below the configured artifact root. |
| `recordings` | `start`, `stop`, `list`, `get`, `download`, `delete` | Manage screen recordings. |

Artifact paths reject traversal and symlink escapes. `artifacts.sync()` reports whether configured persistence completed.

## Runtime and diagnostics

| Namespace | Methods | Purpose |
| - | - | - |
| `lifecycle` | `start`, `stop`, `restart`, `status` | Control the daemon desktop stack. |
| `processes` | `status`, `restart`, `logs`, `stderr`, `errors` | Inspect supervised desktop processes. |
| `session` | `metadata`, `refresh`, `tunnel_authorize` | Read session metadata and refresh session access. |
| `debug` | `urls`, `vnc_url` | Request explicit debug URLs. |

Treat debug URLs as secrets. For Modal-created Sandboxes, prefer `ComputerSandbox.debug_urls()` when you need Modal-owned noVNC information.

## Return values and failures

Namespace methods return typed models such as `ActionResult`, `Screenshot`, `Recording`, `ArtifactInfo`, `ProcessStatus`, and `SandboxRef`.

See [errors and models](/v1/reference/errors-and-models) for the stable top-level types. See [OpenAPI](/v1/reference/openapi) for the matching HTTP routes.


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